| ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 6 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠬᠦᠷᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ11.74 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 110 ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ | 396 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃1921 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ | ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠦ᠋ᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠶᠢᠳᠦ᠋ᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1930 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ1947 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂1959 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨᠮᠧᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1960 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠨᠴᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂1962 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠰᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1965 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠰᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1969 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ 1 —4 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1974 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ 62ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮ᠂ ᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1976 — 1983ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠠᠪ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ᠂ | ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠮᠠ᠂ ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠷ᠂ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠧᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ᠂ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1984 —1998 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠤᠶᠢᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠨᠤᠷᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠧᠷᠡᠩᠨᠢᠮᠠ᠂ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠳ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1998 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨᠲᠤᠳᠢ᠂ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠦᠳᠡᠬᠦᠳᠦ᠂ ᠮᠦᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 2006 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠠᠳᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ᠄ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠪᠠᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠩᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠯᠵᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠨᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠫᠢᠯ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠮᠦᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠧᠩᠭᠡᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠢᠶᠢᠵᠠᠮᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠨᠴᠤᠭ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩᠴᠤᠭᠷᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ᠂: ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠦᠯᠵᠡᠶᠢᠪᠠᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠤᠯᠮᠤᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠡᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠨᠳᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶᠢᠬᠤᠩᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ | ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠮᠦᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | | | ᠪᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨᠰᠠᠩᠪᠪᠤᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ |